Ikoranabuhanga ryifashishwa mu kuhira ibihingwa ryatumye abahinzi bo mu karere ka Bugesera batagihangayikishwa no kubura imvura, ahubwo izuba ryatumaga barumbya ribabera igisubizo mu kubona umusaruro.
Kubona umusaruro ku muhinzi wo mu karere ka Bugesera, ngo byari amahirwe, bitewe n’ikirere cyo muri aka karere cyidatanga icyizere ku bakora uwo mwuga.
Tuyizere Emanuel umaze imyaka 9 akorera ubuhinzi bw’umwuga mu murenge wa Rweru, avuga ko “Kubera aka karere kabamo izuba cyane, warahingaga izuba rikaba riraje hakiri kare. Kweza byari amahirwe mbese.”
Uretse kutagira icyizere ko bazeza, Tuyizere avuga ko banahingaga igihe gito. “Guhera mu kwa Kane nta wongeraga guhinga, kugeza igihe cy’imvura kigarutse”
Ubu, imyaka ine irashize uyu muhinzi atangiye gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryifashishwa mu kuhira imyaka. Imashini akoresha yifashisha ingufu zikomoka ku mirasire y’izuba.
Iri koranabuhanga ngo ryatumye noneho mu mwaka wose ashobora guhinga kandi yizeye kuzabona umusaruro. Ati “Aho iyo mirasire yaziye, amezi 12 agize umwaka, yose turahingwa.”
Atanga urugero rw’ibishyimbo aho “Umurima wa 30m kuri 50m nawuhingagaho ibihembwe bibiri gusa, nkeza nk’ibilo 200 ku gihembwe. Ariko kuri ubu, iyo ibishyimbo byavuyemo nshobora guhingamo inyanya, imiteja cg watermelon. Nka watermelon nshobora kuvanamo ibihumbi 500Rwf.”
Yongera ho ko “Niyo haba ari mu gihe cy’imvura, akazuba kakava iminsi myinshi duhita twuhira. Mbese igihe icyo ari cyo cyose ntabwo twavuga ngo twarumbije kubera kubura amazi yo mu butaka.”
Izuba ryari intandaro yo kubura umusaruro ku bahinzi bo mu karere ka Bugesera, kuri ubu ngo ni ryo shingiro ry’iterambere ry’ubuhinzi muri aka karere.
Gatoya Theophile, Umukozi Ushinzwe Ubuhinzi mu karere ka Bugesera yagize ati “Izuba ryinshi ubu ni kimwe mu bishobora gushingirwaho, kugira ngo ubuhinzi bwo mu karere ka Bugesera butere imbere ndetse buhendukire n’abahinga mu buryo bw’ishoramari.”
Ibi abishingira ku mpamvu ebyiri z’ingenzi. “Izuba riduha imbaraga tutishyura. Ni amwe mu mahirwe ahari abantu bashobora kubyaza ingufu zifashishwa mu buhinzi.”
Ikindi ngo “byongerera abahinzi amahirwe yo guhinga ibihingwa byinshi mu mwaka umwe, kubera ko ubushyuhe buturuka ku zuba butuma byera vuba. Byaragaragaye nk’abantu bahinga imiteja ko no mu cyo twitaga igihembwe cy’ihinga kimwe, umuntu ashobora guhingamo inshuro ebyiri.”
Akarere ka Bugesera ni kamwe mu turere tw’u Rwanda byoroshye gukoreramo ubuhinzi bwifashisha ikoranabuhanga ryo kuhira. Ni ko karere ka mbere ko mu ntara y’Iburasirazuba gafite amazi menshi, aho gafite ibiyaga 9, kagakora ku migezi itatu, Nyabarongo, Akanyaru n’ Akagera.
Gatoya Theophile akavuga ko “Hamwe n’iri koranabuhanga rigenda ryiyongera, bizatuma mu bihe biri imbere abahinzi bose bifuza kugira imirima mu karere ka Bugesera.”
Hari abatangiye kubyaza umusaruro aya mahirwe
Kuva muri 2016, Ikigo y’Ubuhinzi cya Sunripe farms- Rwanda cyatangiye gushora imari mu buhinzi, mu karere ka Bugesera. Ni ikigo cyashinzwe n’Umunyamerika witwa Randy Long afatanyije n’umugore we Mary Long.
Bahinga ku buso bwa Hegitari hafi 20 (20ha), buri mu murenge wa Nyamata. Ni ubuhinzi buri mu byiciro bibiri, harimo ubukorerwa mu nzu zizwi nka ‘Green Houses’ ndetse n’ ubukorerwa hanze.
Ubu buhinzi bakorera imusozi, by’umwihariko, bushimangira uburyo ikoranabuhanga mu kuhira ari igisubizo mu iterambere ry’ubuhinzi no kwihaza mu biribwa.
Ubu turi muri Nyakanga, kumwe mu mezi agize igihe cy’Icyi, ubusanzwe kirangwa n’izuba ryinshi mu gihugu hose, aho abafite ibishanga n’imibande ari bo nibura bakomeza guhinga.
Muri Sunripe farms- Rwanda ho ubu bariguhinga ku butaka bw’imusozi kandi ibihingwa biratoshye.
Ni ibintu bafashwamo n’uburyo bubiri bw’ikoranabuhanga mu kuhira, harimo ubuzwi nka Driplines irrigation (Uburyo bwo kuhira bukoresha udupira duto turi hasi ku butaka, tumanura igitonyanga cy’amazi ahita agera ku gihingwa), ari na bwo bakoresha cyane, ndetse na Overhead irrigation (uburyo bwo kuhira hejuru y’igihingwa).
Kwizera Steven, Umuyobozi wungirije wa Sunripe farms- Rwanda avuga ko “Ntabwo waba muri business y’ubuhinzi nk’ubu bwacu bw’imboga, ushaka guhinga mu mwaka wose, udafite uburyo bwo kuhira. Ni yo mpamvu twahisemo gukoresha uburyo bwo kuhira.”
Ibihigwa bine ni byo bahinga ku butaka bwo hanze (imusozi). Ibyo ni ibirayi, amashu, ibitunguru n’imiteja. Umusaruro babona kuri hegitari imwe, ugaragaza uruhare rukomeye iri koranabuhanga rifite mu kuzamura umusaruro w’ubuhinzi.
Renzaho Yahaya, Agronome ushinzwe igihingwa cy’ibitunguru, amashu n’ibirayi muri Sunripe avuga ko “Nko ku birayi, kuri hegitari imwe dusaruraho hagati ya toni 18-20; amashu, kuri hegitari imwe dusaruraho hagati y’amashu ibihumbi 40 na 50. Hanyuma ibitunguru, kuri hegitari imwe dushobora gusaruraho hagati ya toni 7-8”
Ku bijyanye n’imiteja, Nsengiyumva Jean Bosco, Agronome ushinzwe iki gihingwa muri Sunripe avuga ko “Ni igihingwa duhinga kigatanga umusaruro mwinshi. Kuri hegitari imwe, dusarura toni 11.”
Kuri ubu, muri iki kigo ngo ntibagishingira ubuhinzi bwa bo ku mvura; ahubwo babushingira ku isoko bazabona. Ni ibintu ngo binabafasha ko umusaruro wa bo uzaba ufite agaciro ku isoko.
Steven ati “Iyo duhinze mu zuba, ibihingwa byacu bigera ku isoko bifite igiciro cyiza kubera ko abandi batabihinze.”
Akarere ka Bugesera kabarura 14, 666.6ha z’ubuso bwegereye amazi, bushobora kuhirwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ryoroheje (small-scale irrigation technology). Kugeza ubu, ubwuhirwa ni 2, 321ha, bungana na 15.8%.
Ubuyobozi bw’aka karere buvuga ko ubu buso buzakomeza kwiyongera binyuze muri gahunda zinyuranye, yaba iz’abafatanyabikorwa mu iterambere ry’aka karere ndetse na nkunganire Leta itanga ku baturage bifuza gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu kuhira.
Nko mu ngengo y’imari ya 2022-2023, yatangiye muri Nyakanga 2022, aka karere kahawe nkunganire ya miliyoni 300 Frw.
Ugendeye ku mubare w’abasaba iyo nkunganire, bigaragara ko abaturage barajwe ishinga no gukora ubuhinzi bwa kinyamwuga. Mu gihe n’ukwezi kumwe kutarashira, uyu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari utangiye, amafaranga amaze gusabwa kuri iyo nkunganire ni Miliyoni zisaga 126 Frw. Ni ukuvuga 42%.
Bivuze ko bikomeje gutya, mu mezi atagera kuri atatu, iyo nkunganire yaba irangiye. Ibitanga umukoro kuri Leta n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa ba yo, kongera ingano ya nkunganire yagenewe ibikorwa by’ikoranabuhanga mu kuhira ibihingwa.
